ISWA 2010

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The ISWA 2010 is a focused refactor of the ISWA 2008. The ISWA 2010 was completed March 30, 2010.

Contents

[edit] Symbol Identification

Each symbol of the ISWA 2010 has several unique values. These values are isomorphic.

[edit] Symbol ID

The symbol ID is a six part number formatted for zero padding with a mask of "xx-xx-xxx-xx-xx-xx-xx". The six individual numbers of the symbol ID listed by order are: category, group, base, variation, fill, rotation.

The first number by itself identifies the Category, together with the second number identifies the SymbolGroup ID.

The third number identifies the BaseSymbol place, usually with an "01" for the fourth number: variation. When more than one BaseSymbols share the first three numbers, the fourth number will order these BaseSymbols with variation numbers starting from 1.

The fifth and six numbers uniquely define an individual symbol. They are used to place symbols on a 6 by 16 palette. Each BaseSymbol has a unique symbol palette that lists the symbols on a 6 by 16 grid with valid columns and valid rows. Any cell on a valid column and a valid row is valid and must identify a symbol. Any cell on an invalid column or an invalid row does not represent a symbol and is invalid.

[edit] Symbol Code

Within the 16-bit coded character set called x-ISWA-2010, each symbol has a unique 16-bit number assigned. This code is perfect for index fields in relational databases.


[edit] Symbol Key

This is a formatted string, 6 ASCII characters long, that identifies a symbol. The first character is always "S". This aids in parsing and human readability. The next three characters represent the base in hex as a character from the 12-bit coded character set x-BSW-3. The last 2 characters represent the fill and rotation values in hexadecimal respectively.

[edit] BSW String

This is a formatted string, 9 ASCII characters long, that identifies a symbol. It consists of 3 codepoints from x-BSW-3: base, fill, and rotation respectively.


[edit] Preliminary Unicode

The BSW string has been designed for an easy conversion to Unicode. Each x-BSW-3 codepoint can be shifted by the value of U+1D700. For example, codepoint B+39A becomes U+1DA9A.


[edit] Structures

You can build 2 structures with the ISWA 2010: signs and punctuation.

[edit] Sign

A sign structure is a combination of a Spatial SignSpelling with an optional SignSpelling Sequence.

[edit] Punctuation

Punctuation structures are composed of a single punctuation symbol.


[edit] Symbol Type

The ISWA 2010 identifies 3 main types of symbols.

[edit] Writing

Writing symbols are used in 2-dimensional arrangements as the written representation of a sign.

[edit] Detailed Location

Detailed Location symbols can only be used in ordered lists of symbols. They are not used for everyday writing, but may enhance sorting and animation. The detailed location symbols may be useful for translation with other scripts or integration with notation systems.


[edit] Punctuation

Punctuation symbols are always used alone.


[edit] Categories

The ISWA 2010 identifies 7 categories for the symbols.

Writing Symbols

Category 1: Hands
Handshapes from over 40 Sign Languages are placed in 10 groups based on the numbers 1-10 in American Sign Language.
Category 2: Movement
Contact symbols, small finger movements, straight arrows, curved arrows and circles are placed into 10 groups based on planes: The Front Wall Plane includes movement that is “parallel to the front wall” and the Floor Plane includes movement that is “parallel to the floor”.
Category 3: Dynamics
Dynamics Symbols are used mostly with Movement Symbols and Punctuation Symbols, to give the "feeling" or "tempo" to movement. They also provide emphasis on a movement or expression, and combined with Puncuation Symbols become the equivalent to Exclamation Points. The Tension Symbol, combined with Contact Symbols, provides the feeling of 'pressure", and combined with facial expressions can place emphasis or added feeling to an expression. Timing symbols are used to show alternating or simultaneous movement.
Category 4: Head & Faces
Starting with the head and then from the top of the face and moving down. Group 22 includes head movement and views of the head. Groups 23-26 include detailed facial expressions and movement of parts of the face and neck.
Category 5: Body
Torso movement, shoulders, hips, and the limbs are used in Sign Languages as a part of grammar, especially when describing conversations between people, called Role Shifting, or making spatial comparisons between items on the left and items on the right. This category is important when writing sign language storytelling and poetry. All sign languages have some signs that point below the hips, or touch the torso, or hunch the shoulders, or touch the arms and wrists.

Detailed Location Symbols

Category 6: Detailed Location
Detailed Location symbols are used in the SignSpelling Sequence and not in the Spatial SignSpelling. May be useful for sorting large dictionaries, refining animation, simplifying translation between scripts and notation systems, and for detailed analysis of location sometimes needed in linguistic research.

Punctuation Symbols

Category 7: Punctuation
Punctuation Symbols are used when writing complete sentences or documents in SignWriting. The Punctuation Symbols do not look like the symbols for punctuation in English, but they do have similar meanings. SignWriting punctuation symbols include a period, comma, colon, semicolon, exclamation point and so forth.

[edit] SymbolGroups

The ISWA 2010 identifies 30 SymbolsGroups.

Category 1: Hands

Group 01: Index
Group 02: Index Middle
Group 03: Index Middle Thumb
Group 04: 4 Fingers
Group 05: 5 Fingers
Group 06: Baby Finger
Group 07: Ring Finger
Group 08: Middle Finger
Group 09: Index Thumb
Group 10: Thumb

Category 2: Movement

Group 11: Contact
Group 12: Finger Movement
Group 13: Straight Wall Plane
Group 14: Straight Diagonal Plane
Group 15: Straight Floor Plane
Group 16: Curves Wall Plane
Group 17: Curves Hit Wall Plane
Group 18: Curves Hit Floor Plane
Group 19: Curves Floor Plane
Group 20: Circles

Category 3: Dynamics

Group 21: Dynamics & Timing

Category 4: Head & Faces

Group 22: Head
Group 23: Brow, Eyes, Eyegaze
Group 24: Cheeks Ears Nose Breath
Group 25: Mouth Lips
Group 26: Tongue Teeth Chin Neck

Category 5: Body

Group 27: Shoulders Hips Torso
Group 28: Limbs

Category 6: Detailed Location

Group 29: Detailed Location

Category 7: Punctuation

Group 30: Punctuation

[edit] BaseSymbols

The ISWA 2010 identifies 652 BaseSymbols.

[edit] Symbols

The ISWA 2010 defines 37,811 symbols.

Each symbol has a unique name and non-unique glyph. The glyphs of the ISWA 2010 are raster and use 3 colors: line, fill, and back. The line color is the positive drawing of the glyph and represents the shape. The fill color is an optional negative drawing for the inside of a symbol that can cover the line of symbols placed underneath. Only category 1 and 2 use fill color. Back color is used for the background of the symbols. The back color defaults to transparent so that symbols can be written in a cluster. The 3 colored glyphs work together to form a cluster of potentially overlapping glyphs on a two dimensional canvas called a glyphogram.

[edit] Token Reference

Each symbol of the ISWA can be represented by a single letter token. This token can be used with regular expressions to validate or analyze more complex structures.

h: Hand token

Category 1: Hands

m: Movement token

Category 2: Movement

d: Dynamics token

Category 3: Dynamics

h: Head token

Category 4: Head & Faces

t: Trunk token

Category 5: Body, SymbolGroup 27: Shoulders Hips Torso

x: Limb token

Category 5: Body, SymbolGroup 28: Limbs

l: Detailed Location token

Category 6: Detailed Location

P: Punctuation token

Category 7: Punctuation

[edit] Downloads

[edit] Errata

[edit] Name Changes

  • BaseSymbol 12: Index Hinge on Fist
  • BaseSymbol 13: Index Hinge on Fist Low
  • BaseSymbol 512: Head
  • BaseSymbol 570: Breath Exhale
  • BaseSymbol 571: Breath Inhale
  • BaseSymbol 622: Shoulder Hip Spine
  • BaseSymbol 650: Semicolon

[edit] Symbol Changes

The only symbol image change was on July 6th 2010, where a small fix was required for symbol 01-06-017-01-03-10, with a symbol key of "S19629". In the ISWA 2010 image directory, file iswa/196/19629.png should have pixel dimensions of 26 x 24.

[edit] Symbol ID Omission

BaseSymbol 02-07-008-01 is not assigned by omission. It was skipped in the conversion from the ISWA 2008.

[edit] Facial Irregularities

The cheek marks for 04-03-001-01, 04-03-001-02, and 04-03-001-03 are switch for fills 4 and 5.

[edit] Movement Rotation Irregularities

The rotation of 02-07-012-01-0x-03 and 02-07-012-01-0x-04 are not consistent with others in SymbolGroup 17.

[edit] SymbolGroup 18 Irregularity

There is an aesthetic difference within the structure of SymbolGroup 18. It has a different feel than other movements groups.

[edit] Heel of Hand Irregularity

There are 6 hand shapes with an irregular design that represent the heel of hand (01-05-002-01, 01-05-004-01, 01-05-006-01, 01-05-017-01, 01-10-002-01, 01-10-016-01).

These hand shapes are the only symbols that do not use fill 1. The graphic design represent fill 5, but the symbol ID uses fill 2. This follows the rule that all hand shapes must be able to use fill 2.

[edit] Data Changes

The fill and rotation characters of BSW have moved up by 14. The fill and rotation each have their own column. The fills do not use the first 10 codepoints of their row. This leaves 14 potentially easy to add characters.

[edit] Unicode PUA

The preliminary Unicode design has been deprecated. The Unicode implementation has moved to plane 15 as part of the Private Use Area.

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